VCSA – Virtualization

Create role and assign global permissions in vCenter or VCSA

November 14, 2024 AB Comments 0 Comment

This script will help you to create a new role and assign permission to the role. Please create a JSON file before executing the script as below and then you can execute the script.

{
	"roles": [
		{
			"rolename": "RL_Virtual_Machine_Power",
			"roleaction": "create",
			"privileges": [
				"System.Anonymous",
				"System.View",
				"System.Read",
				"Global.CancelTask",
				"Datastore.Browse",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.PowerOn",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.PowerOff",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.Suspend",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.Reset",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.AnswerQuestion",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.ConsoleInteract",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.DeviceConnection",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.SetCDMedia",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.SetFloppyMedia",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.ToolsInstall",
				"VirtualMachine.Interact.GuestControl",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.Rename",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.AddExistingDisk",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.AddNewDisk",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.RemoveDisk",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.CPUCount",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.Memory",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.AddRemoveDevice",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.EditDevice",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.Settings",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.Resource",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.UpgradeVirtualHardware",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.ResetGuestInfo",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.AdvancedConfig",
				"VirtualMachine.Config.DiskLease",
				"VirtualMachine.State.CreateSnapshot",
				"VirtualMachine.State.RevertToSnapshot",
				"VirtualMachine.State.RemoveSnapshot",
				"VirtualMachine.State.RenameSnapshot",
				"ScheduledTask.Create",
				"ScheduledTask.Delete",
				"ScheduledTask.Run",
				"ScheduledTask.Edit"
			],
			"assignment": [
				{
					"name":"EXAMPLE\\administrator",
					"type":"user"
				},
				{
					"name":"EXAMPLE\\administrators",
					"type":"group"
				}
			]
		}
	]
}

{

"roles": [

{

"rolename": "RL_Virtual_Machine_Power",

"roleaction": "create",

"privileges": [

"System.Anonymous",

"System.View",

"System.Read",

"Global.CancelTask",

"Datastore.Browse",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.PowerOn",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.PowerOff",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.Suspend",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.Reset",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.AnswerQuestion",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.ConsoleInteract",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.DeviceConnection",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.SetCDMedia",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.SetFloppyMedia",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.ToolsInstall",

"VirtualMachine.Interact.GuestControl",

"VirtualMachine.Config.Rename",

"VirtualMachine.Config.AddExistingDisk",

"VirtualMachine.Config.AddNewDisk",

"VirtualMachine.Config.RemoveDisk",

"VirtualMachine.Config.CPUCount",

"VirtualMachine.Config.Memory",

"VirtualMachine.Config.AddRemoveDevice",

"VirtualMachine.Config.EditDevice",

"VirtualMachine.Config.Settings",

"VirtualMachine.Config.Resource",

"VirtualMachine.Config.UpgradeVirtualHardware",

"VirtualMachine.Config.ResetGuestInfo",

"VirtualMachine.Config.AdvancedConfig",

"VirtualMachine.Config.DiskLease",

"VirtualMachine.State.CreateSnapshot",

"VirtualMachine.State.RevertToSnapshot",

"VirtualMachine.State.RemoveSnapshot",

"VirtualMachine.State.RenameSnapshot",

"ScheduledTask.Create",

"ScheduledTask.Delete",

"ScheduledTask.Run",

"ScheduledTask.Edit"

"assignment": [

{

"name":"EXAMPLE\\administrator",

"type":"user"

{

"name":"EXAMPLE\\administrators",

"type":"group"

}

]

}

]

}

<#
.SYNOPSIS
   Configure new role and assign permission into the vCenter
.DESCRIPTION
   This script configure global permissions in to the vCenter.
.PARAMETER vCenterName
   Specify vCenter FQDN or 
.PARAMETER Username
   Specify vCenter Username who has access to assign permission
.PARAMETER Password
   Specify vCenter Username Password
.PARAMETER JSONFile
   Specific the path of the JSON file     
.EXAMPLE
   ./vCenter-Role-Management.ps1 -vCenterName "vcsa01.example.com" -Username "administrator@vsphere.local" -Password "Password123!" -JSONFile "C:\temp\roles.json"
.CREDITS
	https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/VIPerms/0.0.6
	https://williamlam.com/2017/03/automating-vsphere-global-permissions-with-powercli.html
#>



	[CmdletBinding()]
	param(
		[Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true)]
		[System.String]$vCenterName,
		[Parameter(Position=1, Mandatory=$true)]
		[System.String]$Username,
		[Parameter(Position=2, Mandatory=$true)]
		[System.String]$Password,
		[Parameter(Position=3, Mandatory=$true)]
		[System.String]$JSONFile
	)


	$JSONFile = "D:\Abhishek\Lab\Roles.json";

	
	function Logger {
	
		<#
		.DESCRIPTION
			This function is created for logging purpose
		.PARAMETER <paramName>
			There are two param available to this function
			$MessageType - Expected value should be I, W, E
			$Message - This is the message
		.EXAMPLE
			Logger -MessageType E -Message "This is error message"
			Logger -Message "This is info message"
			Logger -MessageType W -Message "This is warning message"
		#>
		
		param (
        [Parameter(
            Position = 0,
            Mandatory = $false
        )]
        [string] $MessageType,

        [Parameter(
            Position = 1,
            Mandatory = $true
        )]
        [string] $Message
    	)
		
		$Message = $(Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss.fff") + " - " + $Message
		switch ($MessageType) {
			"W" {
				Write-Host -ForegroundColor Yellow $Message
			}
			"E" {
				Write-Host -ForegroundColor Red $Message
			}
			default {
				Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green $Message
			}
		}
	}
	
	function Connect-VIMobServer {
	<#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Connect to the vSphere Managed Object Browser (MOB).
    
    .DESCRIPTION
    This function will first test the connection to the specified vCenter server MOB. If successful
    the Uri and PSCredentials object are stored in the global variable $Global:VIPerms for use
    with other functions in this module.
    
    .PARAMETER Server
    Specify the name of a vCenter server.
    
    .PARAMETER Credential
    Specify the credentials to use to authenticate against the MOB.
    This is usually administrator@vsphere.local
    
    .PARAMETER SkipCertificateCheck
    Skip certificate verification.
    
    .EXAMPLE
    Connect-VIMobServer -Server "vcenter.example.com"
    #>


		param (
			[Parameter(
				Position = 0,
				Mandatory = $true
			)]
			[string] $Server,
	
			[Parameter(
				Position = 1,
				Mandatory = $true
			)]
			[PSCredential] $Credential,
	
			[Parameter(
				Position = 2,
				Mandatory = $false
			)]
			[Switch] $SkipCertificateCheck
		)
	
		try {
			$ProPref = $ProgressPreference
			$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
			if ($SkipCertificateCheck) {
				Set-CertPolicy -SkipCertificateCheck
			}
			$Global:VIPerms = @{
				Server = $Server
				Credential = $Credential
				SkipCertificateCheck = $true
			}
			Invoke-Login -Server $Server -Credential $Credential
			[PSCustomObject] @{
				Server = $Server
				User = $Credential.GetNetworkCredential().UserName
			}
			Invoke-Logoff
			if ($SkipCertificateCheck) {
				Set-CertPolicy -ResetToDefault
			}
			$ProgressPreference = $ProPref
		} catch {
			$Err = $_
			throw $Err
		}
	}

	function Invoke-Login {
		<#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Authenticate against vCenter MOB

    .DESCRIPTION
    Authenticate against vCenter MOB and grab the vmware-session-nonce. This is then stored in the global
    VIPerms hashtable along with the session variable from the web request.
    #>

		try {
			$ProPref = $ProgressPreference
			$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
			if (!($Global:VIPerms.Server) -or ([String]::IsNullOrEmpty($Global:VIPerms.Server)) -or
				!($Global:VIPerms.Credential) -or ([String]::IsNullOrEmpty($Global:VIPerms.Credential))) {
				throw "Please authenticate using Connect-VIMobServer first!"
			}
			$Uri = ("https://$($Global:VIPerms.Server)/invsvc/mob3/?moid=authorizationService&" +
					"method=AuthorizationService.GetRoles")
			
			# Initial login to vSphere MOB to store session variable
			$Params = @{
				Uri = $Uri
				SessionVariable = "MobSession"
				Credential = $Global:VIPerms.Credential
				Method = "GET"
			}
			$Res = Invoke-WebRequest @Params
			
			# Extract hidden vmware-session-nonce which must be included in future requests to prevent CSRF error
			# Credit to https://blog.netnerds.net/2013/07/use-powershell-to-keep-a-cookiejar-and-post-to-a-web-form/ for
			# parsing vmware-session-nonce via Powershell
			if ($Res.StatusCode -eq 200) {
				$null = $Res -match 'name="vmware-session-nonce" type="hidden" value="?([^\s^"]+)"'
				$Global:VIPerms.SessionNonce = $Matches[1]
				$Global:VIPerms.WebSession = $MobSession
			} else {
				throw "Failed to login to vSphere MOB"
			}
			$ProgressPreference = $ProPref
		} catch {
			$Err = $_
			throw $Err
		}
	}

	function Invoke-Logoff {
	 <#
	.SYNOPSIS
	Logout of the authenticated vCenter MOB web session and clear up the global variable VIPerms.
	#>
	
	
		try {
			$ProPref = $ProgressPreference
			$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
			$Uri = "https://$($Global:VIPerms.Server)/invsvc/mob3/logout"
			$Res = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $Uri -WebSession $Global:VIPerms.WebSession -Method GET
			$Global:VIPerms.WebSession = $null
			$Global:VIPerms.SessionNonce = $null
			$ProgressPreference = $ProPref
		} catch {
			$Err = $_
			throw $Err
		}
	}

	function Set-CertPolicy {
		<#
		.SYNOPSIS
		Ignore SSL verification.
		
		.DESCRIPTION
		Using a custom .NET type, override SSL verification policies.
	
		#>

		param (
			[Switch] $SkipCertificateCheck,
			[Switch] $ResetToDefault
		)
	
		try {
			if ($SkipCertificateCheck) {
				try {
					[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = "Tls12, Tls11, Tls"
					[Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy
				} catch {
					$Err = $_
					if ($Err.Exception.Message.StartsWith("Cannot find type [TrustAllCertsPolicy]")) {
						Add-Type -TypeDefinition  @"
						using System.Net;
						using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
						public class TrustAllCertsPolicy : ICertificatePolicy {
							public bool CheckValidationResult(
								ServicePoint srvPoint, X509Certificate certificate,
								WebRequest request, int certificateProblem) {
								return true;
							}
						}
"@
						[Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy
					} else {
						throw $Err
					}
				}
			} else {
				[Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = $null
			}
		} catch {
			$Err = $_
			throw $Err
		}
	}

	function New-VIGlobalPermission {
    <#
    .SYNOPSIS
    Add a global permission for a user/group.
    
    .DESCRIPTION
    Creates a global permission assigning either a user or group to a specific role.
    
    .PARAMETER Name
    Specify the name of user or group including the domain.
    
    .PARAMETER IsGroup
    Specify whether the target is a group object or not.
    
    .PARAMETER RoleId
    Specify the identifier for the specific role to assign to the global permission.
    
    .PARAMETER Propagate
    Specify whether the permission should propagate to all children objects or not.
    
    .PARAMETER SkipCertificateCheck
    Skip certificate verification.
    
    .EXAMPLE
    New-VIGlobalPermission -Name "VSPHERE.LOCAL\joe-bloggs" -RoleId -1

    .EXAMPLE
    New-VIGlobalPermission -Name "VSPHERE.LOCAL\group-of-users" -IsGroup -RoleId -1

    .EXAMPLE
    New-VIGlobalPermission -Name "VSPHERE.LOCAL\joe-bloggs" -RoleId -1 -Propagate:$false
    #>


		param (
			[Parameter(
				Position = 0,
				Mandatory = $true
			)]
			[String] $Name,
	
			[Parameter(
				Position = 1,
				Mandatory = $false
			)]
			[Switch] $IsGroup,
	
			[Parameter(
				Position = 2,
				Mandatory = $false
			)]
			[String] $RoleId,
	
			[Parameter(
				Position = 3,
				Mandatory = $false
			)]
			[Switch] $Propagate = [Switch]::Present,
	
			[Parameter(
				Position = 4,
				Mandatory = $false
			)]
			[Switch] $SkipCertificateCheck
		)
		
		try {
			$ProPref = $ProgressPreference
			$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"
			if ($SkipCertificateCheck -or $Global:VIPerms.SkipCertificateCheck) {
				Set-CertPolicy -SkipCertificateCheck
			}
			Invoke-Login
			$Uri = ("https://$($Global:VIPerms.Server)/invsvc/mob3/?moid=authorizationService&" +
					"method=AuthorizationService.AddGlobalAccessControlList")
			$Group = switch ($IsGroup) {
				$true {"true"}
				$false {"false"}
			}
			$Prop = switch ($Propagate) {
				$true {"true"}
				$false {"false"}
			}
			$Body = ("vmware-session-nonce=$($Global:VIPerms.SessionNonce)&" +
					"permissions=%3Cpermissions%3E%0D%0A+++%3Cprincipal%3E%0D%0A++++++" +
					"%3Cname%3E$([Uri]::EscapeUriString($Name))%3C%2Fname%3E" +
					"%0D%0A++++++%3Cgroup%3E$Group%3C%2Fgroup%3E%0D%0A+++%3C%2Fprincipal%3E%0D%0A+++" +
					"%3Croles%3E$RoleId%3C%2Froles%3E%0D%0A+++" +
					"%3Cpropagate%3E$Prop%3C%2Fpropagate%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fpermissions%3E")
			$Params = @{
				Uri = $Uri
				WebSession = $Global:VIPerms.WebSession
				Method = "POST"
				Body = $Body
			}
			$Res = Invoke-WebRequest @Params
			Invoke-Logoff
			if ($SkipCertificateCheck -or $Global:VIPerms.SkipCertificateCheck) {
				Set-CertPolicy -ResetToDefault
			}
			$ProgressPreference = $ProPref
			Logger -Message "Permission assigned to $Name"
		} catch {
			$Err = $_
			Logger -MessageType E -Message $Err.Exception.Message
		}
	}
	
	function New-VCRole {
		<#
		.SYNOPSIS
		Create new role using PowerCLI cmdlet New-VIRole
		
		.DESCRIPTION
		This function will fetch the privileges and then create a new role
		
		.PARAMETER Privilege_Ids
		Specify the privileges ids
		
		.PARAMETER RoleName
		Specify the name of new role
		
		.EXAMPLE
		New-VCRole -Privilege_Ids "System.View","System.Read","Global.CancelTask" -RoleName "New_Role"
		#>
	
		param (
			[Parameter(
				Position = 0,
				Mandatory = $true
			)]
			[string[]] $Privilege_Ids,
	
			[Parameter(
				Position = 1,
				Mandatory = $true
			)]
			[string] $RoleName
		)

		try {
			$privileges = Get-VIPrivilege -Id $Privilege_Ids;
			$null = New-VIRole -Name $RoleName -Privilege $privileges -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
			if($? -eq $true){
				Logger -Message "Role $RoleName has been created"
				$Global:IsRoleCreated = $true;
			}
			elseif ($error[0].Exception.ErrorId -eq "Client20_InventoryServiceImpl_TryValidateUniqueRoleName_DuplicateName" ) {
				$Global:IsRoleCreated = $true;
				Logger -MessageType W -Message "Role $RoleName already exists"
			}
			else{
				$Global:IsRoleCreated = $false;
				Logger -MessageType E -Message "Role $RoleName unable to create -> $($error[0].Exception.Message)"
			}
		}
		catch {
			$Global:IsRoleCreated = $false;
			Logger -MessageType E -Message "Role $RoleName unable to create -> $($_.Exception.Message)"
		}
	}

	if($(Test-Path -Path $JSONFile) -eq $true)
	{
		$Roles = $(Get-Content $JSONFile | ConvertFrom-Json).roles
	}
	else{
		Logger -MessageType E -Message "File path is not valid - $JSONFile"
		return;
	}
	
	$SecurePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $Password -AsPlainText -Force
	$Credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential($Username,$SecurePassword)

	#Connect vCenter
	$vCenter_Connection = Connect-VIServer $vCenterName -Force -Credential $Credential
	if($vCenter_Connection.IsConnected -ne $true)
	{
		Logger -MessageType E -Message "$vCenterName - Unable to connect using $Username -> $($error[0].Exception.Message)"
		return;
	}
	Logger -Message "$vCenterName - Connected using $Username"
	
	$vCenter_MOB_Connection = Connect-VIMobServer -Server $vCenterName -Credential $Credential -SkipCertificateCheck
	foreach($role in $Roles)
	{
		$roleId = $(Get-VIRole -Name $role.rolename).ExtensionData.RoleId;
		if($role.roleaction -eq "create")
		{
			New-VCRole -Privilege_Ids $role.privileges -RoleName $role.rolename
			
			if($Global:IsRoleCreated -eq $false){
				continue;
			}
			
			foreach($obj in $role.assignment)
			{
				$is_group = $false;
				if($obj.type -eq "group")
				{
					$is_group = $true;
				}
				
				New-VIGlobalPermission -Name $obj.name -IsGroup $is_group -RoleId $roleId
			}
		}
	}
	
	if($vCenter_Connection.IsConnected -ne $true){
		$null = Disconnect-VIServer * -Force -Confirm:$false
	}

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303

304

305

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

343

344

345

346

347

348

349

350

351

352

353

354

355

356

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

381

382

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391

392

393

394

395

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

413

414

415

416

417

418

419

420

421

422

423

424

425

426

427

428

429

430

431

432

433

434

435

436

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

456

457

458

459

460

461

462

463

464

465

466

467

468

469

470

471

472

473

474

475

476

477

478

479

.SYNOPSIS

Configure new role and assign permission into the vCenter

.DESCRIPTION

This script configure global permissions in to the vCenter.

.PARAMETER vCenterName

Specify vCenter FQDN or

.PARAMETER Username

Specify vCenter Username who has access to assign permission

.PARAMETER Password

Specify vCenter Username Password

.PARAMETER JSONFile

Specific the path of the JSON file

.EXAMPLE

./vCenter-Role-Management.ps1 -vCenterName "vcsa01.example.com" -Username "administrator@vsphere.local" -Password "Password123!" -JSONFile "C:\temp\roles.json"

.CREDITS

https://www.powershellgallery.com/packages/VIPerms/0.0.6

https://williamlam.com/2017/03/automating-vsphere-global-permissions-with-powercli.html

[CmdletBinding()]

param(

[Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true)]

[System.String]$vCenterName,

[Parameter(Position=1, Mandatory=$true)]

[System.String]$Username,

[Parameter(Position=2, Mandatory=$true)]

[System.String]$Password,

[Parameter(Position=3, Mandatory=$true)]

[System.String]$JSONFile

)

$JSONFile = "D:\Abhishek\Lab\Roles.json";

function Logger {

.DESCRIPTION

This function is created for logging purpose

.PARAMETER <paramName>

There are two param available to this function

$MessageType - Expected value should be I, W, E

$Message - This is the message

.EXAMPLE

Logger -MessageType E -Message "This is error message"

Logger -Message "This is info message"

Logger -MessageType W -Message "This is warning message"

param (

[Parameter(

Position = 0,

Mandatory = $false

)]

[string] $MessageType,

[Parameter(

Position = 1,

Mandatory = $true

)]

[string] $Message

)

$Message = $(Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss.fff") + " - " + $Message

switch ($MessageType) {

"W" {

Write-Host -ForegroundColor Yellow $Message

}

"E" {

Write-Host -ForegroundColor Red $Message

}

default {

Write-Host -ForegroundColor Green $Message

}

function Connect-VIMobServer {

.SYNOPSIS

Connect to the vSphere Managed Object Browser (MOB).

.DESCRIPTION

This function will first test the connection to the specified vCenter server MOB. If successful

the Uri and PSCredentials object are stored in the global variable $Global:VIPerms for use

with other functions in this module.

.PARAMETER Server

Specify the name of a vCenter server.

.PARAMETER Credential

Specify the credentials to use to authenticate against the MOB.

This is usually administrator@vsphere.local

.PARAMETER SkipCertificateCheck

Skip certificate verification.

.EXAMPLE

Connect-VIMobServer -Server "vcenter.example.com"

param (

[Parameter(

Position = 0,

Mandatory = $true

)]

[string] $Server,

[Parameter(

Position = 1,

Mandatory = $true

)]

[PSCredential] $Credential,

[Parameter(

Position = 2,

Mandatory = $false

)]

[Switch] $SkipCertificateCheck

)

try {

$ProPref = $ProgressPreference

$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"

if ($SkipCertificateCheck) {

Set-CertPolicy -SkipCertificateCheck

}

$Global:VIPerms = @{

Server = $Server

Credential = $Credential

SkipCertificateCheck = $true

}

Invoke-Login -Server $Server -Credential $Credential

[PSCustomObject] @{

Server = $Server

User = $Credential.GetNetworkCredential().UserName

}

Invoke-Logoff

if ($SkipCertificateCheck) {

Set-CertPolicy -ResetToDefault

}

$ProgressPreference = $ProPref

} catch {

$Err = $_

throw $Err

}

function Invoke-Login {

.SYNOPSIS

Authenticate against vCenter MOB

.DESCRIPTION

Authenticate against vCenter MOB and grab the vmware-session-nonce. This is then stored in the global

VIPerms hashtable along with the session variable from the web request.

try {

$ProPref = $ProgressPreference

$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"

if (!($Global:VIPerms.Server) -or ([String]::IsNullOrEmpty($Global:VIPerms.Server)) -or

!($Global:VIPerms.Credential) -or ([String]::IsNullOrEmpty($Global:VIPerms.Credential))) {

throw "Please authenticate using Connect-VIMobServer first!"

}

$Uri = ("https://$($Global:VIPerms.Server)/invsvc/mob3/?moid=authorizationService&" +

"method=AuthorizationService.GetRoles")

# Initial login to vSphere MOB to store session variable

$Params = @{

Uri = $Uri

SessionVariable = "MobSession"

Credential = $Global:VIPerms.Credential

Method = "GET"

}

$Res = Invoke-WebRequest @Params

# Extract hidden vmware-session-nonce which must be included in future requests to prevent CSRF error

# Credit to https://blog.netnerds.net/2013/07/use-powershell-to-keep-a-cookiejar-and-post-to-a-web-form/ for

# parsing vmware-session-nonce via Powershell

if ($Res.StatusCode -eq 200) {

$null = $Res -match 'name="vmware-session-nonce" type="hidden" value="?([^\s^"]+)"'

$Global:VIPerms.SessionNonce = $Matches[1]

$Global:VIPerms.WebSession = $MobSession

} else {

throw "Failed to login to vSphere MOB"

}

$ProgressPreference = $ProPref

} catch {

$Err = $_

throw $Err

}

function Invoke-Logoff {

.SYNOPSIS

Logout of the authenticated vCenter MOB web session and clear up the global variable VIPerms.

try {

$ProPref = $ProgressPreference

$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"

$Uri = "https://$($Global:VIPerms.Server)/invsvc/mob3/logout"

$Res = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $Uri -WebSession $Global:VIPerms.WebSession -Method GET

$Global:VIPerms.WebSession = $null

$Global:VIPerms.SessionNonce = $null

$ProgressPreference = $ProPref

} catch {

$Err = $_

throw $Err

}

function Set-CertPolicy {

.SYNOPSIS

Ignore SSL verification.

.DESCRIPTION

Using a custom .NET type, override SSL verification policies.

param (

[Switch] $SkipCertificateCheck,

[Switch] $ResetToDefault

)

try {

if ($SkipCertificateCheck) {

try {

[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = "Tls12, Tls11, Tls"

[Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy

} catch {

$Err = $_

if ($Err.Exception.Message.StartsWith("Cannot find type [TrustAllCertsPolicy]")) {

Add-Type -TypeDefinition @"

using System.Net;

using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;

public class TrustAllCertsPolicy : ICertificatePolicy {

public bool CheckValidationResult(

ServicePoint srvPoint, X509Certificate certificate,

WebRequest request, int certificateProblem) {

return true;

}

[Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = New-Object TrustAllCertsPolicy

} else {

throw $Err

}

} else {

[Net.ServicePointManager]::CertificatePolicy = $null

}

} catch {

$Err = $_

throw $Err

}

function New-VIGlobalPermission {

.SYNOPSIS

Add a global permission for a user/group.

.DESCRIPTION

Creates a global permission assigning either a user or group to a specific role.

.PARAMETER Name

Specify the name of user or group including the domain.

.PARAMETER IsGroup

Specify whether the target is a group object or not.

.PARAMETER RoleId

Specify the identifier for the specific role to assign to the global permission.

.PARAMETER Propagate

Specify whether the permission should propagate to all children objects or not.

.PARAMETER SkipCertificateCheck

Skip certificate verification.

.EXAMPLE

New-VIGlobalPermission -Name "VSPHERE.LOCAL\joe-bloggs" -RoleId -1

.EXAMPLE

New-VIGlobalPermission -Name "VSPHERE.LOCAL\group-of-users" -IsGroup -RoleId -1

.EXAMPLE

New-VIGlobalPermission -Name "VSPHERE.LOCAL\joe-bloggs" -RoleId -1 -Propagate:$false

param (

[Parameter(

Position = 0,

Mandatory = $true

)]

[String] $Name,

[Parameter(

Position = 1,

Mandatory = $false

)]

[Switch] $IsGroup,

[Parameter(

Position = 2,

Mandatory = $false

)]

[String] $RoleId,

[Parameter(

Position = 3,

Mandatory = $false

)]

[Switch] $Propagate = [Switch]::Present,

[Parameter(

Position = 4,

Mandatory = $false

)]

[Switch] $SkipCertificateCheck

)

try {

$ProPref = $ProgressPreference

$ProgressPreference = "SilentlyContinue"

if ($SkipCertificateCheck -or $Global:VIPerms.SkipCertificateCheck) {

Set-CertPolicy -SkipCertificateCheck

}

Invoke-Login

$Uri = ("https://$($Global:VIPerms.Server)/invsvc/mob3/?moid=authorizationService&" +

"method=AuthorizationService.AddGlobalAccessControlList")

$Group = switch ($IsGroup) {

$true {"true"}

$false {"false"}

}

$Prop = switch ($Propagate) {

$true {"true"}

$false {"false"}

}

$Body = ("vmware-session-nonce=$($Global:VIPerms.SessionNonce)&" +

"permissions=%3Cpermissions%3E%0D%0A+++%3Cprincipal%3E%0D%0A++++++" +

"%3Cname%3E$([Uri]::EscapeUriString($Name))%3C%2Fname%3E" +

"%0D%0A++++++%3Cgroup%3E$Group%3C%2Fgroup%3E%0D%0A+++%3C%2Fprincipal%3E%0D%0A+++" +

"%3Croles%3E$RoleId%3C%2Froles%3E%0D%0A+++" +

"%3Cpropagate%3E$Prop%3C%2Fpropagate%3E%0D%0A%3C%2Fpermissions%3E")

$Params = @{

Uri = $Uri

WebSession = $Global:VIPerms.WebSession

Method = "POST"

Body = $Body

}

$Res = Invoke-WebRequest @Params

Invoke-Logoff

if ($SkipCertificateCheck -or $Global:VIPerms.SkipCertificateCheck) {

Set-CertPolicy -ResetToDefault

}

$ProgressPreference = $ProPref

Logger -Message "Permission assigned to $Name"

} catch {

$Err = $_

Logger -MessageType E -Message $Err.Exception.Message

}

function New-VCRole {

.SYNOPSIS

Create new role using PowerCLI cmdlet New-VIRole

.DESCRIPTION

This function will fetch the privileges and then create a new role

.PARAMETER Privilege_Ids

Specify the privileges ids

.PARAMETER RoleName

Specify the name of new role

.EXAMPLE

New-VCRole -Privilege_Ids "System.View","System.Read","Global.CancelTask" -RoleName "New_Role"

param (

[Parameter(

Position = 0,

Mandatory = $true

)]

[string[]] $Privilege_Ids,

[Parameter(

Position = 1,

Mandatory = $true

)]

[string] $RoleName

)

try {

$privileges = Get-VIPrivilege -Id $Privilege_Ids;

$null = New-VIRole -Name $RoleName -Privilege $privileges -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

if($? -eq $true){

Logger -Message "Role $RoleName has been created"

$Global:IsRoleCreated = $true;

}

elseif ($error[0].Exception.ErrorId -eq "Client20_InventoryServiceImpl_TryValidateUniqueRoleName_DuplicateName" ) {

$Global:IsRoleCreated = $true;

Logger -MessageType W -Message "Role $RoleName already exists"

}

else{

$Global:IsRoleCreated = $false;

Logger -MessageType E -Message "Role $RoleName unable to create -> $($error[0].Exception.Message)"

}

catch {

$Global:IsRoleCreated = $false;

Logger -MessageType E -Message "Role $RoleName unable to create -> $($_.Exception.Message)"

}

if($(Test-Path -Path $JSONFile) -eq $true)

{

$Roles = $(Get-Content $JSONFile | ConvertFrom-Json).roles

}

else{

Logger -MessageType E -Message "File path is not valid - $JSONFile"

return;

}

$SecurePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $Password -AsPlainText -Force

$Credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential($Username,$SecurePassword)

#Connect vCenter

$vCenter_Connection = Connect-VIServer $vCenterName -Force -Credential $Credential

if($vCenter_Connection.IsConnected -ne $true)

{

Logger -MessageType E -Message "$vCenterName - Unable to connect using $Username -> $($error[0].Exception.Message)"

return;

}

Logger -Message "$vCenterName - Connected using $Username"

$vCenter_MOB_Connection = Connect-VIMobServer -Server $vCenterName -Credential $Credential -SkipCertificateCheck

foreach($role in $Roles)

{

$roleId = $(Get-VIRole -Name $role.rolename).ExtensionData.RoleId;

if($role.roleaction -eq "create")

{

New-VCRole -Privilege_Ids $role.privileges -RoleName $role.rolename

if($Global:IsRoleCreated -eq $false){

continue;

}

foreach($obj in $role.assignment)

{

$is_group = $false;

if($obj.type -eq "group")

{

$is_group = $true;

}

New-VIGlobalPermission -Name $obj.name -IsGroup $is_group -RoleId $roleId

}

if($vCenter_Connection.IsConnected -ne $true){

$null = Disconnect-VIServer * -Force -Confirm:$false

}

Install Identity Source Using Command Line in VCSA

November 13, 2024 AB Comments 0 Comment

We can configure AD LDAP from UI but in case you are looking to configure Identity Source using the command then following is the procesure. Login to VCSA over SSH Switch to shell Navigate path /opt/vmware/lib64/ In case required, you can take a backup of the existing configuration by copying file “/opt/vmware/lib64/vmware-identity-sso-config.jar” Next, you can run the following command to create an identity source

sso-config.sh -add_identity_source -type adldap -baseUserDN "CN=Users,DC=example,DC=com" -baseGroupDN "CN=Groups,DC=example,DC=com" -domain "example.com" -alias "EXAMPLE" -username "CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=example,DC=com" -password 'password' -primaryURL "ldap://ldap.example.com:389"

1	sso-config.sh -add_identity_source -type adldap -baseUserDN "CN=Users,DC=example,DC=com" -baseGroupDN "CN=Groups,DC=example,DC=com" -domain "example.com" -alias "EXAMPLE" -username "CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=example,DC=com" -password 'password' -primaryURL "ldap://ldap.example.com:389"

Please update the parameters with the correct values

Install VCSA Using CLI

November 13, 2024 AB Comments 0 Comment

We can install or automate VCSA deployment using the CLI. VMware has already provided CLI option for the installation and completely documented solution. You can refer VMware documentation below. https://docs.vmware.com/en/VMware-vSphere/8.0/vsphere-vcenter-installation/GUID-C17AFF44-22DE-41F4-B85D-19B7A995E144.html There are the following steps involved in installing VCSA using CLI JSON templates are available in the VCSA installation bundle which we have to use for the installation. Under the folder \vcsa-cli-installer\templates\install you can find the templates. embedded_vCSA_on_ESXi.json embedded_vCSA_on_VC.json embedded_vCSA_replication_on_ESXi.json embedded_vCSA_replication_on_VC.json vCSA_with_cluster_on_ESXi.json Copy the respective JSON template to the temp…